This demographic metric represents the difference between the number of live births and the number of deaths occurring in a population within a specific time period, typically a year, expressed as a percentage. It excludes migration as a factor influencing population change. For example, if a population experiences 20 births and 8 deaths per 1,000 individuals in a year, the result is a net increase of 12 individuals per 1,000, or 1.2% natural population growth.
Understanding this figure is crucial for policymakers, researchers, and organizations involved in planning for resource allocation, infrastructure development, and social services. Historical trends in this measure provide insights into a nation’s development, healthcare advancements, and overall societal well-being. Declines in this figure can signal aging populations or socioeconomic challenges, while rapid increases may necessitate investments in education and healthcare systems.