A progressive neurodegenerative condition, it primarily affects older adults and is characterized by a gradual decline in cognitive functions, including memory, thinking, and reasoning. This decline is caused by structural and chemical brain changes, such as the accumulation of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles, which disrupt communication between neurons and ultimately lead to cell death. For example, an individual may initially experience mild forgetfulness, but over time, the condition can progress to severe memory loss, disorientation, and difficulty with language and problem-solving.
Understanding this disease is crucial in the field of psychological studies for several reasons. It highlights the intricate relationship between brain structure and cognitive function, offering insights into the biological basis of memory, learning, and personality. Awareness of its diagnostic criteria, progression, and impact on behavior is essential for psychologists involved in assessment, counseling, and research. Historically, research into this condition has significantly advanced our understanding of neurodegenerative processes and has spurred the development of potential therapeutic interventions, although a definitive cure remains elusive.
