A predictive statement that specifies the precise nature of the relationship anticipated between variables. This type of prediction posits not only that a connection exists but also the explicit direction of that connection. For example, it might state that an increase in variable A will cause a corresponding increase in variable B, or conversely, that an increase in variable A will cause a decrease in variable B. This contrasted with a non-directional prediction, which merely anticipates a relationship without specifying its trajectory.
The value of formulating such a specific prediction lies in its testability. It enables a more focused evaluation of research findings, allowing researchers to confirm or refute the anticipated positive or negative correlation. Historically, the adoption of this approach has strengthened the rigor of empirical studies across various fields, from psychology and sociology to economics and medicine, by necessitating a higher degree of precision in research design and analysis. This increased precision can lead to more definitive and actionable research outcomes.
