Areas within a city characterized by extreme poverty, ill health, and limited access to essential services are frequently referred to as zones of hardship. These areas typically lack basic infrastructure such as reliable sanitation, clean water, and adequate housing. Often located in geographically hazardous or undesirable locations, they may be subject to environmental risks like flooding or industrial pollution. An example is a shantytown built on a landfill or steep hillside, lacking formal property rights and government oversight.
Understanding the spatial distribution of such zones is crucial for urban planning and social policy. Recognizing their existence allows for the targeted allocation of resources to improve living conditions and mitigate the negative impacts of poverty and environmental hazards. Historically, these areas have often been the result of economic disparities, discriminatory housing practices, and a lack of investment in marginalized communities. Addressing the root causes of their formation requires a multi-faceted approach that considers economic, social, and political factors.
