A process where supplementary material is introduced into the weld joint during the joining operation is characterized by the addition of a consumable substance to facilitate fusion. This substance, available in various forms such as rods or wire, melts and becomes an integral part of the weld, contributing to the overall strength and integrity of the connection. An example is utilizing a specific alloy wire in gas metal arc welding to join two pieces of steel, the molten wire bridging the gap and solidifying to form the weld bead.
The utilization of this additive significantly impacts the mechanical properties of the weld, allowing for adjustments to strength, ductility, and corrosion resistance. It provides a method to compensate for material loss during welding and accommodates different material compositions. Historically, the development of diverse types has enabled the joining of increasingly complex materials and contributed to advancements in various industries, from construction to aerospace.