In the context of United States history, this term references the overland transport of cattle over significant distances. Specifically, it describes the practice of moving large herds of cattle from grazing lands in Texas and other southwestern states to railheads in the Midwest during the late 19th century. These journeys were essential for connecting cattle ranchers with eastern markets.
These arduous expeditions were vital for the economic development of the West, allowing ranchers to sell their livestock and populate areas previously isolated from major commercial centers. The drives spurred the growth of towns and infrastructure along established routes, but also presented considerable challenges, including harsh weather, disease, stampedes, and conflicts with Native American tribes and settlers competing for land and resources.
