The power of the judiciary to examine and invalidate actions undertaken by the legislative and executive branches if those actions are deemed unconstitutional. This crucial concept within the American political system allows courts to serve as a check on the other branches of government, ensuring adherence to the principles and limitations outlined in the Constitution. For instance, a law passed by Congress can be challenged in the courts, and if determined to violate the Constitution, it can be struck down, rendering it unenforceable.
Its importance lies in its role as a safeguard of constitutionalism, protecting individual rights and limiting governmental overreach. Historically, the establishment of this power, particularly through the landmark case of Marbury v. Madison, solidified the judiciary’s role as an equal partner in the system of checks and balances. This ensures that laws and policies remain consistent with the fundamental principles upon which the nation was founded. It benefits the citizenry by providing a mechanism to challenge actions deemed to infringe upon their constitutional rights and liberties.
