This specific form of cultivation is defined by its adaptation to the warm, dry summers and mild, wet winters characteristic of regions bordering the Mediterranean Sea, and areas with similar climates globally. It focuses on crops that thrive in these conditions, such as olives, grapes, citrus fruits, and various vegetables. Animal husbandry, often involving goats and sheep, is also a common component. This type of agricultural practice is particularly sensitive to seasonal precipitation patterns and relies on techniques like irrigation where possible to supplement water needs during drier periods.
The significance lies in its ability to support relatively dense populations in areas with limited rainfall. The crops produced are often high-value, contributing substantially to regional economies and international trade. Historically, this form of land use has shaped cultural landscapes, influencing culinary traditions and agricultural practices passed down through generations. Its sustainability depends on careful resource management and adaptation to changing climatic conditions.
