A system of employment based on demonstrated ability and performance, rather than political patronage or personal connections, is central to public administration. This approach emphasizes qualifications, knowledge, and skills as the primary criteria for hiring, promotion, and retention within government agencies. For instance, individuals seeking positions in federal agencies often undergo competitive examinations and assessments to determine their suitability for specific roles.
The implementation of such a system promotes efficiency, reduces corruption, and enhances the professionalism of the civil service. Historically, its adoption was a direct response to the spoils system, which had resulted in unqualified individuals holding positions of power due to political allegiances. Over time, this approach has fostered a more skilled and accountable workforce, leading to improved government services and greater public trust.