The principle describes a system of governance where decisions are made by a numerical majority, while simultaneously ensuring that the fundamental rights and interests of individuals or groups who do not belong to the majority are protected. This framework recognizes that while the will of the greater number generally prevails, it is imperative to prevent the oppression or marginalization of smaller segments of society. For example, a national referendum might determine a policy decision, but constitutional safeguards would still protect the freedom of speech for those who disagree with the outcome.
This balance is crucial for a just and stable society. It prevents the potential for a “tyranny of the majority,” where the dominant group can disregard or suppress the rights of others. Historically, the absence of such protections has led to discrimination, persecution, and social unrest. Upholding this balance fosters inclusivity, encourages diverse perspectives, and promotes social cohesion by guaranteeing that all members of the community are treated with respect and dignity, regardless of their numerical representation.
