A core concept within social psychology, this refers to the process by which individuals explain the causes of behavior and events. It examines how people infer the reasons behind their own actions and those of others, seeking to understand the underlying motives and influences. For instance, if a student fails an exam, the individual and others may attribute this outcome to a lack of effort (internal factor) or the difficulty of the test (external factor).
Understanding the roots of behavior is crucial for navigating social interactions and predicting future actions. This framework informs perceptions of fairness, responsibility, and blame. A history of research in this area has illuminated common biases and errors in judgment that affect decision-making and relationships. This understanding is important, as it allows for more accurate social judgments and more effective communication and conflict resolution.
