In communication contexts, this refers to a group of individuals who may receive a message, although they are not the primary target. These individuals may include those who have influence over the main recipients, or those who might be indirectly affected by the message’s content. For example, if a company publishes a training manual for its employees, the human resources department could be considered one because they need to be aware of the content, though they are not the direct users.
Recognizing and understanding this group is essential for effective communication. Failing to account for them can result in misinterpretations, resistance, or even negative consequences for the sender. By tailoring a message to resonate with multiple groups, a communicator enhances its overall impact and increases the likelihood of achieving the desired outcome. Historically, its significance has grown with the increasing complexity of communication channels and the interconnectedness of various stakeholders in organizations and society.
