The expansion of urban areas into previously undeveloped land, often characterized by low-density housing, single-use zoning, and increased reliance on automobiles, is a significant concept in the field of human geography. This type of development typically occurs on the periphery of cities, consuming agricultural land, natural habitats, and open spaces. For example, the growth of suburbs surrounding major metropolitan areas, where residential zones are separated from commercial and industrial areas, exemplifies this phenomenon.
This form of urban growth has significant environmental, social, and economic consequences. It can lead to increased vehicle miles traveled, contributing to air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. Socially, it can result in increased segregation by income and reduced access to services and opportunities for lower-income populations. Historically, post-World War II suburbanization patterns, fueled by government policies and personal preferences, contributed significantly to the widespread adoption of this model of development.
