This phenomenon refers to the external degradation of metal components concealed beneath insulating materials. It is a specific form of corrosion that occurs when moisture penetrates the insulation and comes into contact with the metal surface, initiating an electrochemical reaction. For instance, pipelines carrying heated substances, like steam or hot oil, are often insulated to conserve energy. However, if rainwater or process fluids seep into the insulation and are trapped, the warm metal surface can facilitate accelerated corrosion rates.
The significance of understanding this type of degradation lies in its potential to cause significant asset damage and operational disruptions. Undetected and unmitigated, it can lead to structural weakening, equipment failure, and costly repairs. Furthermore, it poses safety hazards due to the potential for leaks, explosions, or catastrophic collapses. Historically, this issue has been a major concern in industries such as oil and gas, chemical processing, and power generation, prompting extensive research and development of preventative measures.
